Optimizing Emergency Care: The Prospective Role Of Antibiotic Stewardship In Shaping Biochemical Markers And Combating Microbial Resistance At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Central India

Abstract

Antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) play a crucial role in optimizing antibiotic use and combating microbial resistance, particularly in emergency care settings.   prospective study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Central India, aimed to evaluate the impact of ASPs on various clinical outcomes, including biochemical markers, microbial resistance patterns, and overall infection management. Over a 12-month period, the study compared infection-related data from patients before and after the implementation of an ASP. Key biochemical markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), were assessed to determine changes in inflammation and infection severity. Microbial cultures were analyzed to evaluate shifts in resistance rates among common pathogens. Additionally, antibiotic usage patterns were monitored to identify changes in prescribing practices,
while the length of hospital stay was evaluated to assess overall patient outcomes. The results indicated a significant reduction in CRP and PCT levels post-ASP implementation, suggesting improved infection control and more targeted antibiotic therapy. Notable decreases in resistance rates for pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were observed, reflecting the successful impact of ASPs on reducing microbial resistance. Changes in antibiotic usage patterns showed a decrease in the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, including cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, in favor of more appropriate antibiotic choices. Furthermore, the average length of hospital stay was significantly reduced, highlighting the efficiency gains associated with
ASPs. These findings underscore the effectiveness of ASPs in optimizing emergency care by improving infection management, reducing resistance rates, and promoting more judicious use of antibiotics. The study's results are consistent with recent literature, reinforcing the value of ASPs in various healthcare settings. The research supports the continued investment in and evaluation of ASPs to address the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance and enhance patient outcomes. Future studies should focus on validating these findings in broader settings and exploring the long-term effects of ASPs on resistance patterns, patient outcomes, and economic implications.