ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND RADIATION DOSE IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Abstract

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is a crucial tool in modern medical diagnostics, providing detailed cross-sectional images for diagnosis and treatment planning. However, concerns regarding radiation exposure in CT imaging, particularly in vulnerable populations, have raised questions about its safety. Body Mass Index (BMI) has been identified as a factor influencing radiation dose in CT scans, with higher BMI potentially leading to increased radiation exposure. Understanding this relationship is essential for optimizing CT protocols to minimize radiation-related risks while maintaining diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included 50 patients who underwent CT scans at a tertiary care hospital. Demographic data, BMI, and radiation dose metrics (DLP and CTDIvol) were collected. Statistical analysis, including Pearson correlation and subgroup analysis based on BMI categories, was performed to assess the relationship between BMI and radiation dose. Results: The study population had a mean age of 45 years and a mean BMI of 28.5 kg/m^2. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between BMI and both DLP (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and CTDIvol (r = 0.58, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed significantly higher radiation dose exposure in patients with BMI > 30 kg/m^2 compared to those with BMI < 25 kg/m^2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Understanding the relationship between BMI and radiation dose in CT scans is essential for optimizing imaging protocols and ensuring patient safety. Our study emphasizes the importance of personalized imaging approaches to minimize radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic efficacy. Further research is needed to validate these findings and inform evidence-based guidelines for CT imaging in diverse patient populations.