Study of LDL/HDL Ratio in Patients with Euthyroid and Hypothyroidism

Abstract

Background: Blood TSH levels over the upper limit of the standard range combined with blood T3 and T4 concentrations within reference ranges is known as hypothyroidism. A lab diagnosis of subclinical thyroid illness is made. Few or no clear-cut clinical indicators or symptoms of thyroid dysfunction are present in patients with subclinical illness. Higher levels of some cardiovascular
risk factors have been linked to it. Numerous investigations have discovered that persons with hypothyroidism have greater levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol than euthyroid subjects, despite some contradictory findings. It is commonly known that dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism are related. Aim and Objectives: This study aims to determine the significance of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (low density lipoprotein-cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol) in patients with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This a prospective, case-control, comparative study conducted in our tertiary care hospital on 60 euthyroid controls and 60 hypothyroid cases with ages over 35. We studied serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, measured using the
Friedewald formula, the enzymatic CHOD-PAP method, respectively and the ELISA method for T3, T4, and TSH. Results: Serum TSH (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.001), LDL cholesterol (p<0.001), LDLC/HDL-C (p<0.001), diastolic and systolic blood pressure (p<0.001), and all showed a significant increase. The serum T3, T4, and HDL-cholesterol levels did not significantly alter. Conclusion: Patients with hypothyroidism have elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. A more accurate measure of dyslipidemia in cases of hypothyroidism is the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio.