Rubber band ligation for internal haemorrhoids: A safe and successful outpatient procedure

Abstract

Background: Haemorrhoids are cushions of submucosal tissues containing venules, arterioles and 
smooth muscle fibres that are located in the anal canal. The incidence of haemorrhoids in the United 
States is 10 million per year, corresponding to 4.4% of the population. Both genders have peak 
prevalence in the age group 45 to 65 years. Notably, Caucasians are affected more frequently than 
African Americans, and higher socioeconomic status is associated with increased prevalence 
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of rubber band ligation for internal 
hemorrhoids as outpatient treatment- a. To evaluate the success/failure of the rubber band ligation in 
grade-II hemorrhoids. b. To analyze complications due to rubber band ligation.