Prevalence and Antibiogramof MERSA Isolated from Sample in Tertiary Care Center in Central India

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen causing various kinds of
infections ranging from minor skin diseases to life- threating endocarditis. It has
acquired resistance to previously effectiveantimicrobialsincluding the methicillin.
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a prototype of resistant bacteria
associated with greater lengths of hospital stay, higher mortality , increased costs and more
troublesome to patient when compared with methicillin sensitive Stphylococcusaureus
(MSSA). The present study was a prospective study conducted for a period 1 year 8 month
(from Nov 2011- June 2013) all staphylococcal isolate in Microbiology Laboratory, Shri
Aurbindo Medical college &P.G.instituteindoreindia. Gram staining of each
specimen (except blood) was performed and findings noted. Each specimen was
cultured onBlood agar and MacConkey’s agar aerobically incubated overnight at 37˚c.
Staphylococcal isolate were identified by phenotyping methods lke Gram stain, catalase
test, slide and tube coagulase test growth on manitol salt agar, VP test Phosphates test and
bacitracin susceptibility test .The antimicrobialsusceptibility testingwas performed by
Kirby -Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. In the present studyout of 649
Staphylococcus 245 (37.8%) strains were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) and 404 (62.2%) were , methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Out
of Total 649 S.aureus, 245 were MRSA. Highest isolation of MRSA was found in Tracheal
aspirate (73.3%) , blood culture(70.97% ) followed by suction tip (69.2%) , Sputum
(63.2%) , body fluids/CSF(52.9%) , tissue(50%), broncho alveolar lavage(46.2%), pus &
wound swab(32.6%), vaginal swab (26.7%)and urine(21.7%). MRSA strain were 100 %
resistant to penicillin followed by erythromycin(96.7%), clindamycin (88.6%),
ciprofloxacin (85.3%) , Cotrimoxazole (70.6%) , rifampicin (42.9%) and Nitrofurantoin (
66.7%).