Effect of Diabetes Mellitus without Vascular Changes on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence
of hyperglycemia due to defective insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both.
This study aimed to assess the effect of different types of diabetes mellitus without
vascular changes on maternal and fetal outcomes. Patients and methods: A crosssectional study was carried out in Zagazig University Maternity Hospital during the
period from March until September 2019. Included 50 cases of gestational and
pregestational diabetic pregnant women. Patients were randomly divided into two
groups of 25 patients, group I: included 25 pregnant women with pregestational
diabetes mellitus (Type 1and Type 2 DM) without vascular changes. Group II:
included 25 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Fasting 2h
postprandial blood glucose level was done and HbA1c. Complete general and
abdominal examination, Obstetric Ultrasonography was done for all patients with
Umbilical and middle cerebral artery Doppler if needed. Results: There was no
statistically significant difference in gestational age at delivery and mode of delivery
in current pregnancy between the two groups. There was statistically significant
difference in fasting blood glucose and HbA1C between the two groups. However,
regarding postprandial blood glucose, there was no statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: We concluded that either diabetes was gestational or pregestational there
was no statistical difference between maternal and fetal outcomes.