Spirometry Findings in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiogram

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of disability and death
worldwide. This study was done to analyse spirometry findings in patients undergoing coronary
angiogram (CAG) and study if there is any correlation between low FEV1, FVC and CAD.
Methods: 87 patients who satisfied inclusion criteria were included within the study,spirometry
was done either before CAG or 6 weeks later in unstable angina, myocardial infarction.
Obstructive Airway Disease (OAD) was diagnosed based on clinical history and spirometry.
Results were analysed and mean % predicted FEV1, FVC and severity of CAD were compared
among non-smokers and those with COPD.
Results: In our study, out of 87 patients, 18.4% (16) were COPD and 1.1% (1) was asthmatic.
Out of 70 patients without OAD, 85.7% (N=60) of patients were non-smokers, and 14.3%
(N=10) were smokers. Among 60 non-smokers, mean % predicted FEV1 with normal CAG was
98.01± 7.891, with SVD was 78.74 ±5.263, with DVD was 73.35 ±2.203 and 69.39±7.898 in
patients with TVD. Mean % predicted FVC with normal CAG was 96.38±6.929, with SVD was
78.54±6.025, with DVD was 75.64 ±2.996 and 71.25±6.162 in patients with TVD. With the
severity of CAD, there is greater decline in mean % predicted FEV1 and mean % predicted FVC.
By chi-square test p value is <0.005 which is clinically significant.
Conclusions: The patients with CAD had lower pulmonary function depending on the severity
of CAD, independent of smoking status and respiratory comorbidities. Hence spirometry can be
considered as one of the screening tool for risk assessment of CAD.