Efficacy of Yoga as a Therapeutic Approach for Motor Symptoms in Parkinsonism Disease: A Scoping Review

Abstract

This scoping review examines the evidence of Yoga's use in Parkinson's motor symptoms. It
will focus on Yoga's effects on motor functions like balance, coordination, gait, and mobility
in Parkinson's patients. The review will also highlight Yoga's ability to reduce stress, worry,
and depression, which can worsen motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients.
Several processes may explain Yoga's Parkinsonism benefits. Yoga emphasizes deliberate,
purposeful movements, which may help slower learners improve motor skills. Building muscle
strength, flexibility, and range of motion through consistent practice helps maintain functional
independence. Yoga (asanas) and breathing (pranayama) improve postural stability, reducing
the risk of falls, a significant issue for Parkinsonism patients. Mind-body awareness and
relaxation improve neuroplasticity and motor control by helping the brain form new neural
connections.
This review will synthesize research on yoga therapy's effects on Parkinsonism patients' motor
outcomes. Even with short yoga sessions (8–12 weeks), many RCTs and observational studies
have shown improved balance, gait stability, and mobility. According to these studies, Regular
Yoga can enhance pharmaceutical therapy and improve physical function. Yoga's
psychological benefits, such as reducing anxiety and depression and improving emotional
regulation, indirectly improve motor skills by reducing stress-induced motor decline.
However, the literature has limitations. Many studies have small sample sizes, and study
designs, intervention regimens, and outcome measures vary, making conclusions difficult.
Some studies lack the longitudinal follow-up necessary to understand Yoga's long-term motor
symptom benefits. Parkinsonism patients need more long-term studies to determine the best
yoga duration, frequency, and intensity.
In conclusion, yoga therapy may improve motor function and quality of life in Parkinsonism
patients. However, more rigorous studies are needed to confirm its efficacy, standardize
intervention protocols, and examine its long-term effects. Yoga, as a supplement to
Parkinsonism treatment, could improve physical and mental health in a non-invasive, low-risk
way.