Clinico-Etiological Profile and Outcome of Neonatal Respiratory Distress in Tertiary Care Hospital, Raichur

Abstract

Background: The present study will be conducted to assess Clinico-Etiological Profile and
Outcome of Neonatal Respiratory Distress in Tertiary Care Hospital, Raichur.
Materials & methods: 220 neonates who were admitted in NICU in a Tertiary Care
Hospital, Raichur were enrolled in the present study. This was a single center based
prospective Study. Inclusion criteria for the present study included both in-born and out-born
neonate admitted to NICU with RD.A detailed proforma including name, age, sex, and
residence was obtained. The diagnosis of clinical conditions producing respiratory distress
(RD) was based mainly on careful scrutiny of the history, clinical and radiological findings.
Microsoft word and SPSS 20.0 version were used to analyze the data. P value of less than
0.05 was considered for statistical significance.
Results: A total of 220 neonates were enrolled. Prematurity, Hypertension, Oligohydramnios,
Polyhydramnios, PROM, Maternal fever and Gestational diabetes were the risk factors seen
in 34.55 percent, 17.27 percent, 16.82 percent, 1.82 percent, 9.55 percent, 5.91 percent and
10.45 percent of the patients respectively. Most common clinical presentation was tachypnea
seen in 71.82 percent of the patients. Other clinical presentation included chest in drawing,
cyanosis, poor perfusion, grunting and nasal flaring. Diagnosis included RDS found to be
present in 40.45 percent of the patients. Other diagnosis included TTNB, MAS and sever
birth asphyxia. Mortality rate was found to be 8.18 percent.
Conclusion: Approximately 8% of all live births were respiratory distress cases. It is
recommended that we undertake appropriate and prompt neonatal resuscitation and identify
the risk factors as early as feasible in order to reduce the morbidity and death of the newborns
with respiratory distress.