Assessment of Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (anti-TPO) Antibodies among Newly Diagnosed Thyroid Disorders: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The identification of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) as the main antigen of the thyroid microsomal fraction has enabled the development of a sensitive and specific assay for detection of the corresponding autoantibodies Aims & Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical significance of anti-TPO Abs in newly diagnosed thyroid disease. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 patients who had been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or autoimmune thyroiditis. Participants' demographic information, medical history, and clinical symptoms were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Thyroid function tests, including TSH, FT4, and FT3 levels, were measured to evaluate thyroid function status. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, following the manufacturer's instructions. Results: The correlation between anti-TPO and TSH is strong and positive (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). Anti-TPO shows a moderate negative correlation with FT4 (r = -0.50, p < 0.001) and with FT3 (r = -0.45, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A significant correlations between anti-TPO antibody levels and thyroid function parameters was seen among newly diagnosed thyroid disorders. Keywords: Thyroid peroxidase, TSH, FT4, FT3 levels.