A Study Of Serum Uric Acid In Newly Diagnosed Primary Hypertension Patient

Abstract

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a major global health concern associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, particularly from cardiovascular and renal diseases. Hyperuricemia, defined as serum uric acid levels above 7.0 mg/dL in males and 6.0 mg/dL in females, is commonly observed in hypertensive patients and may play a role in hypertension development and complications. This study aims to evaluate serum uric acid levels in newly diagnosed primary hypertensive patients and examine associations with demographic and clinical variables. Method: This observational study included 321 hypertensive patients aged 20 to 50 years presenting to the Emergency/OPD of Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute. Detailed clinical examinations and biochemical tests were conducted. Inclusion criteria included newly diagnosed hypertensive patients (<1 year) without target end-organ damage. Patients with other comorbidities such as heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and metabolic or liver disorders were excluded. Statistical analysis assessed the association between serum uric acid levels and hypertension stages, as well as with demographic and clinical factors. Results: Among 321 patients, males predominated (67.6%). Stage 1 hypertension was observed in 54.8% of patients, with Stage 2 hypertension in 45.5%. A significant association was found between serum uric acid levels and hypertension stage (p = 0.0087), with higher levels more frequent in Stage 2 hypertension. Alcohol consumption and elevated BMI were also significantly associated with increased serum uric acid levels (p = 0.00001 and p = 0.000062, respectively). No significant correlation was found between serum uric acid levels and smoking or glycemic status. Conclusion:The findings suggest a direct correlation between hyperuricemia and hypertension severity, particularly in Stage 2 hypertension. Elevated uric acid levels are also associated with components of metabolic syndrome, such as high BMI. Thus, serum uric acid levels could serve as an indicator of metabolic syndrome, emphasizing the need for early intervention and weight management in hypertensive patients. Keywords: Hypertension, hyperuricemia, serum uric acid, metabolic syndrome, BMI, primary hypertension