Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infections: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) remain a significant health concern, particularly due to the organism's ability to express multiple virulence factors. This study investigates the prevalence of virulence factors in E. coli strains isolated from both symptomatic and asymptomatic UTI patients. A total of 230 E. coli strains were analyzed for key virulence factors such as hemolysin production, siderophore activity, hemagglutination, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Results indicate a significantly higher occurrence of virulence factors in symptomatic patients. The presence of these virulence traits in asymptomatic individuals suggests a latent risk of infection progression. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the pathogenic potential of E. coli in managing UTIs and preventing severe outcomes.