PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF DYSNATREMIA IN CARDIAC FAILURE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Dysnatremia, including both hyponatremia and hypernatremia, is a frequent electrolyte imbalance in heart failure patients, often associated with poor clinical outcomes. Heart failure, driven by structural or functional impairments, leads to altered sodium levels due to factors such as neurohormonal activation, renal dysfunction, and medication use. This study examines the prevalence of dysnatremia in heart failure and its association with key clinical parameters.