Assessment of Serum ferritin, CRP and insulin levels as predictor biomarker of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in first trimester of pregnancy at a tertiary care centre: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. The present study was conducted to evaluate serum ferritin, CRP, and insulin levels in the first trimester of pregnancy. 
Materials and Methods: 96 antenatal mothers in the first trimester with singleton pregnancies were studied. Waist-hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.  
Results: The age group of 18–24 years had 39 subjects with GDM and 7 without GDM. The age group of 2531 years had 42 subjects with GDM and 6 without GDM. 59 subjects with GDM and 10 without GDM had ferritin levels ≥31.35 ng/mL.22 subjects with GDM and 3 without GDM had ferritin levels <31.35 ng/mL. 50 subjects with GDM and 7 without GDM had ferritin levels ≥3.6 mg/L. 31 subjects with GDM and 6 without GDM had ferritin levels <3.6 mg/L. Antenatal mothers with a higher concentration of CRP (OR = 1.6) and 
waist-hip ratio (OR = 2.9) in the first trimester were at greater risk of developing GDM. Parameters such as ferritin, insulin, plasma glucose, CRP, and haemoglobin were measured. 
Conclusion: The authors detected higher first-trimester CRP, ferritin, and HOMA-IR levels among women diagnosed with GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation.